Vulval Cyst
A vulval cyst, also known as a vulvar cyst, is a benign fluid-filled sac that forms in the vulvar region, which encompasses the external female genitalia. These cysts typically occur due to the blockage of the glands in the vulva, leading to the accumulation of fluid or other substances. Vulvar cysts can vary in size and may cause discomfort or pain if they become enlarged or infected.
Types of Vulvar Cyst
There are different types of vulvar cysts, including:
- Bartholin’s cysts: These cysts form when the Bartholin’s glands, located on each side of the vaginal opening, become blocked. They can cause swelling, tenderness, and pain, especially during activities like walking, sitting, or sexual intercourse.
- Skene’s duct cysts: Skene’s glands are situated near the urethra, and cysts can develop if their ducts become obstructed. Skene’s duct cysts are relatively rare and may cause urinary symptoms or discomfort.
- Epidermal inclusion cysts: These cysts arise from blocked hair follicles or sweat glands in the vulvar area. They are typically small, painless, and often found near the surface of the skin.
- Sebaceous cysts: Sebaceous cysts occur when the sebaceous glands, which produce oil for lubrication, become obstructed. They can develop in the vulvar region and may cause pain or discomfort if they become inflamed or infected.
Treatment of Vulval Cyst
The treatment for vulvar cysts depends on the type, size, symptoms, and overall impact on the patient’s well-being. Here are some common approaches to managing vulvar cysts.
- Observation and conservative measures: Small, asymptomatic cysts may not require immediate treatment. The healthcare provider may choose to monitor the cyst over time to ensure it remains stable and does not cause any complications. Simple measures such as warm compresses or sitz baths (sitting in warm water) can provide relief if the cyst is causing discomfort.
- Antibiotics: If a vulvar cyst becomes infected or shows signs of inflammation, such as redness, swelling, or the presence of pus, antibiotics may be prescribed. Antibiotics, if followed as prescribed by the doctor can help to clear the infection and reduce symptoms.
- Incision and drainage: In cases of an infected or painful Bartholin’s cyst or another type of cyst with significant inflammation, a healthcare provider may perform a minor procedure called incision and drainage. This involves making a small incision to release the accumulated fluid or pus, providing immediate relief.
- Marsupialization: Marsupialization is a surgical procedure that can be performed for recurrent or larger cysts, particularly Bartholin’s cysts. It involves creating a small incision and suturing the edges of the cyst wall to the surrounding tissue, allowing for continuous drainage and reducing the chance of recurrence.
- Surgical excision: In certain cases, surgical excision of the cyst may be necessary. This can be considered if the cyst is causing significant symptoms, is recurrent, or if it is a different type of cyst requiring removal. The surgical procedure involves removing the cyst and sometimes the associated gland or duct. The surgery can be performed using various techniques, including traditional surgical methods or minimally invasive approaches like laser excision or electrocautery.
At Sanskriti Onco Care Hospital, we are equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and staffed by a skilled team of gynecologists and gynecologic surgeons who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of vulvar cysts. With our advanced diagnostic capabilities, including imaging technologies and specialized examinations, we can accurately assess the type, size, and impact of the cyst on a patient’s health. We prioritize patient comfort, safety, and well-being throughout the treatment process, providing personalized care, compassionate support, and ensuring optimal outcomes.